Fire has been a source of disturbance for thousand of years. Forest and wild land fires have been taking place historically, shaping landscape structure, pattern and ultimately the species composition of ecosystems. The ecological role of fire is to influence several factors such as plant community development, soil nutrient availability and biological diversity. Forest and wild land fire are considered vital natural processes initiating natural exercises of vegetation succession. However uncontrolled and misuse of fire can cause tremendous adverse impacts on the environment and the human society. Forest fire is a…
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DEVELOPING COUNTRIES NEEDFULNESS ON CLIMATE CHANGE
“A developing country, also known as a less-developed countries (LDC), is a nation with a low living standard, undeveloped industrial base, and low Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries. But former United Nations (UN) Secretary General, Kofi Annan defined a developed country as follows: “A developed country is one that allows all its citizens to enjoy a free and healthy life in a safe environment.” However, the United Nations Statistics Division caution that” “there is no established convention for the designation of “developed” and “developing countries or areas…
Read MoreBEHAVIOUR AND EFFECTS OF OIL SPILLS IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS
When we think of oil spills, we usually think of oil tankers spilling their cargo in oceans or seas. However, oil spilled on land often reaches lakes, rivers, and wetlands, where it can also cause damage. Oceans and other saltwater bodies are referred to as marine environments. Lakes, rivers, and other inland bodies of water are called freshwater environments. The term aquatic refers to both marine and freshwater environments. When oil is spilled into an aquatic environment, it can harm organisms that live on or around the water surface and…
Read MoreUNITED NATIONS 75TH ANNIVERSARY: CRITICAL ANALYSIS
“The new millennium presents the most appropriate time to review the history of United Nations(UN) institution, its successes and failures, and expectations for its future.” Opinions may differ about the successes and failure of the United Nations as an instrument for world peace and security. But everyone will agree that it has played a crucial role in the economic and social advancement of the people. United Nation’s efforts in the early Cold War era concentrated on the relationships between nations and the issues of war and peace. The UN has…
Read MoreCOVID-19 LOCKDOWN DEADLINE IN AIR POLLUTION AND HEALTH OUTCOMES
The global response to the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unprecedented reductions in economic activity. But lockdown events have reduced air pollution levels by approximately 20% across most of the countries in the world. The reduced air pollution levels come with a substantial health co-benefit in terms of avoided premature deaths and paediatric asthma cases that accompanied the COVID-19 containment measures. In many developing nations economic growth has exacerbated air pollutant emissions with severe consequences for the environment and human health. Long term exposure to air pollution including fine particulate…
Read MoreSTEPS OF INNOVATION FOR FUTURE FUELS: PART II
In June 2018, Norway launched an updated national strategy for research, development, demonstration and commercialisation of new climate-friendly energy technology. Fast-track from idea to market PILOT-E is a collaboration between different Norwegian energy research, development and demonstration support schemes. it works as a “fast-track” through the stages of research from idea to market. PILOT-E has been highlighted at earlier Ministerials and has been very successful. The maritime sector has been a priority so far. By 2022, around 70 new electric ferries will be operating on the Norwegian fords. There are also projects for hydrogen ferries underway. This is being made possible by public funding to develop the…
Read MoreSTEPS OF INNOVATION FOR FUTURE FUEL: PART I
For innovation in future fuel strategies & policies, few countries had agreed to provide information on strategies and plans for their respective governmental and/or state directed clean energy research and development investment over five years. New investments are focused on transformational clean energy technology innovations that can be scaled to varying economic and energy market conditions that exist in the countries and in the broader world. We can have bureau of some countries innovation strategies and policies for future fuel. The Government of Japan formulated the Strategic Energy Plan in…
Read MoreOUTLOOK ON CLIMATE CHANGE
In 2017, the Earth’s climate set alarming records for surface and ocean temperature as well as sea ice extent. Recent analyses by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) showed that 2017 ranked as either the second or third warmest year for global surface temperature on record since 1880, depending on the analysis method used. In the 136 year record of average near surface temperatures, 16 of the 18 warmest years have occurred since 2001. The average global surface temperature has now risen about…
Read MoreCLIMATE CHANGE PERFORMANCE INDEX IN CONTEXT OF PARIS AGREEMENT
After a milestone success in approving on a new international climate treaty in Paris(2015) , we must look at the fruitful implementation of Paris agreement at national level. The Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) has been keeping track of countries’ efforts. As per details, 1st to 3rd position remains unoccupied since the Paris agreement came into effect. Till date non of the countries done well enough to secure the healthy impacts of climate change. Let’s take overviews of performance of five countries Climate Change Performance index(CCPI) along with European countries. Sweden ranks…
Read MoreCLIMATE CHANGE AND RISK TO NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
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Read MoreURBAN SPRAWL
In recent decades, urban growth has not been adopted with residents needs. As a result of this process, many lands have been utilized for construction. The word of “Urban Sprawl” means more growth than the usual and what makes it different from urban growth is this excessive nature. Although sprawl is an American phenomenon, but it should be indicated that it’s different by environmental, economic, social and political situations. Cities tend to growth and planned growth is reached while there is an appropriate proportion between urban growth and urban organism. But…
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